Electronic-photonic board as an integration platform for Tb/s multi-chip optical communication

Chip-on-board silicon photonics O-band wavelength-division multiplexing transceivers have been developed that will eventually enable high-throughput on-board optical communication for multi-socket on-board communication. This direct, any-to-any configuration yields low-latency, low-power optical communication among multiple compute nodes on the board. Silicon photonic transceiver chips are flip-chipped on a polymer waveguide containing an electro-optical circuit board using adiabatic coupling and then completed with driver and amplifier electronic chips. A transceiver assembly based on wire-bond technology verifies 50 Gb/s operation per channel, and the flip-chip version demonstrates the chip on-board assembly techniques for compact on-board transceivers

Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry:An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package

This article summarizes technical advances contained in the fifth major release of the Q-Chem quantum chemistry program package, covering developments since 2015. A comprehensive library of exchange–correlation functionals, along with a suite of correlated many-body methods, continues to be a hallmark of the Q-Chem software. The many-body methods include novel variants of both coupled-cluster and configuration-interaction approaches along with methods based on the algebraic diagrammatic construction and variational reduced density-matrix methods. Methods highlighted in Q-Chem 5 include a suite of tools for modeling core-level spectroscopy, methods for describing metastable resonances, methods for computing vibronic spectra, the nuclear–electronic orbital method, and several different energy decomposition analysis techniques. High-performance capabilities including multithreaded parallelism and support for calculations on graphics processing units are described. Q-Chem boasts a community of well over 100 active academic developers, and the continuing evolution of the software is supported by an “open teamware” model and an increasingly modular design

Proof Rather Than Persuasion: A Discussion of Metaphysics in Rawlsian Political Theory

This paper discusses the role of metaphysics in Rawlsian political theory. Specifically, it examines Jean Hampton's argument that metaphysics should, contra Rawls, be included in political theorizing since public metaphysical debate lowers the chance of expediency arguments that may marginalize members of society. This paper then considers potential Rawlsian objections to Hampton's argument that appeal to the veil of ignorance and original position. However, this paper defends Hampton's argument against the potential Rawlsian objections by referring to Charles Mills' work on ideal theory

Chemical profiles accross the last glacial termination: First results from the EPICA-DML ice core

The European Project of Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) aims at reconstructing past climate andenvironmental conditions from two deep ice cores in Antarctica. The two cores are drilled in theDome C area (at 75°06' S, 123° 21'E, 3233m a.s.l.) and in Droning Maud Land (DML, at 75°00'S;00°04'E, 2892 m.a.s.l). Here we will present chemical data from the first approx. 1550 m of theDML core.Continuous ice core melting was employed for sample preparation and decontamination.Continuous profiles were measured on-line for Na, Ca and NH4 soluble ion concentrations bycontinuous flow analysis (CFA) methods as well as for insoluble microparticle concentrationstarting at 113m depth. These profiles will be presented at low resolution (1.0 m) together withsections of high resolution data exemplary for mid-Holocene, Preboreal and the last Glacialperiods.From the high resolution data the annual layer thickness will be derived and the possibilities ofcounting annual layers will be explored during the different periods mentioned. If possible, also theseasonal phasing and shifts thereof will be investigated for the measured species. The lowresolution data will provide an overview of the last glacial termination. The measured componentswill be discussed in terms of degree of relative change and of timing differences. Furthermore, thecontributions of the two main sources for Ca (crustal matter and sea salt aerosol) will be discussed.Presenting Author:Dr. Urs Ruth / Alfre-Wegener-Institute / 27568 Bremerhaven / Columbusstraße / Germany /+4947148311173 / [email protected] Reference No.: ABS-4150-0009

Connecting Countries by Electric Roads: Methodology for Feasibility Analysis of a Transnational ERS Corridor

The present study aims at discussing relevant aspects for a potential roll-out of Electric Road Systems (ERS) on transnational corridors, as well as generally for ERS introduction in Europe. Feasibility criteria have thus been developed in order to assess the following topics for specific potential ERS corridor projects: Technical aspects: Which technical prerequisites exist for ERS corridors and to which extent can they expected to be met? Environmental aspects: Which effects can be expected on key environmental indicators? Economic aspects: Can an ERS corridor pose a business case? Could it contribute to the improvement of ERS economy in general? Political aspects: Would an ERS corridor implementation make sense from a political point of view? The developed criteria may serve as a toolbox for scrutinizing future transnational ERS corridor projects. In order to illustrate their application, we used them to analyse a potential roll-out of an Electric Road System on a selected highway corridor (424 km) connecting Sweden and Germany, but mainly located on Danish territory. Based on traffic flows and patterns along the corridor route, it was found: A considerable part of the total truck mileage on the corridor is done by vehicles with a rather limited driving distance for pre- and post-haul, assuming the corridor is realized as a stand-alone project, and the CO2 emissions (well-to-wheel) of truck traffic along the corridor route can be significantly reduced if electric trucks are powered by the national electricity mixes expected for the year 2030, and even more if it would be powered purely renewable. Although a continuous ERS on the complete corridor route would not be economically feasible under current conditions, the analysis pinpoints sections along the route where the traffic volumes with a sufficient share of operation on a potential ERS are significantly higher. These sections are located in the metropolitan areas of Malmö, Copenhagen and Hamburg. For implementation, peculiarities of the local markets and regulation should be considered, as well as country-specific priorities on decarbonizing road freight transport. Additionally, the identified ERS potential for medium distances will depend on the technical and cost development of battery trucks. Our analysis also sheds some light on the role of first transnational corridors within a European roll-out strategy for ERS. Such corridor projects could help to proof the principal strengths of ERS, trigger strategic coordination between the participating countries, foster national ERS roll-out due to synergy effects with the corridor and pave the way for integration of ERS into EU legislation (e.g. AFID, TEN-T planning)Swedish-German Research Collaboration on Electric Road Systems (CollERS

TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE SOIL FERTILITY STRATEGY IN GHANA

Most efforts to raise fertilizer use in SSA over the past decade have focused on fertilizer subsidies and targeted credit programmes with hopes that these programmes could later be withdrawn once the profitability of fertilizer use has been made clear to adopting farmers and once they have become sufficiently capitalized to be able to afford fertilizer on their own. This line of reasoning under-emphasizes the evidence that many smallholder farmers obtain very low crop response rates to inorganic fertilizer application and hence cannot use it profitably at full market prices. A central hypothesis of this study is that Ghanaian farmers will demand increasing quantities of fertilizer when they can utilize it more profitably, and that doing so will require improved agronomic and soil management practices that enable farmers to achieve higher crop response rates to fertilizer application

Chronology for the EDML ice core from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, over the last 150 000 years

A chronology called EDML1 has been developed for the EPICA ice core from Dronning Maud Land (EDML). EDML1 is closely interlinked with EDC3, the new chronology for the EPICA ice core from Dome-C (EDC) through a stratigraphic match between EDML and EDC that consists of 322 volcanic match points over the last 128 ka. The EDC3 chronology comprises a glaciological model at EDC, which is constrained and later selectively tuned using primary dating information from EDC as well as from EDML, the latter being transferred using the tight stratigraphic link between the two cores. Finally, EDML1 was built by exporting EDC3 to EDML. For ages younger than 41 ka BP the new synchronized time scale EDML1/EDC3 is based on dated volcanic events and on a match to the Greenlandic ice core chronology GICC05 via 10Be and methane. The internal consistency between EDML1 and EDC3 is estimated to be typically ~6 years and always less than 450 years over the last 128 ka (always less than 130 years over the last 60 ka), which reflects an unprecedented synchrony of time scales. EDML1 ends at 150 ka BP (2417 m depth) because the match between EDML and EDC becomes ambiguous further down. This hints at a complex ice flow history for the deepest 350 m of the EDML ice core